境外观鸟讨论-拉美篇

bird

东边的山谷 发表于 2012-8-25 22:03
的确如此，秘鲁应列为南美观鸟首选目的地之一；
但如果只是拍鸟，特别对蜂鸟感兴趣的朋友，建议首选厄瓜 ...

厄瓜多尔的鸟种比秘鲁也差不了多少。

bird

东边的山谷 发表于 2012-8-26 20:02
没错，厄瓜多尔的鸟种也很多：1600+；尤其是其安第斯山区，可能比秘鲁离赤道近吧，这里的蜂鸟不仅种类多， ...

厄瓜多尔的鸟种之所以不及秘鲁和哥伦比亚，可能主要是因为国家的面积小造成的。同样面积的国家里面，就没有鸟种比厄瓜多尔更丰富的了。

晓白

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  上次草书和游隼去的就是这里吧

bird

好消息呀。前面提到过，哥斯达黎加是拉美生态旅游最发达的国家。能方便去那边，那收获应该不小。就是从中国过去的话，距离还有点儿远，不过相比南美还是近一些了。上次草叔和游隼去的就是那里，晓白在前面57#给了链接。

bird

两次加起来至少六周了。目前国人能有这样的时间和预算的还是比较少的。不过一旦有机会，确实是个不能不去的地方。

东边的山谷

东边的山谷 发表于 2012-8-5 08:27
是的，当地都叫White Caiman

去秘鲁观鸟，如果没有足够的时间，一般得去2次，每次至少得三周，两个线路的大致情况如下：
1.中南线 Lima-Cusco-Manu Road-Puerto Madonaldo覆盖生境：海洋，沙漠，高原，高山云雾林，安第斯低地，亚马逊雨林，预计记录鸟种数目600-800种，其中的Manu National Park是世界上鸟种最多（1000+）的鸟点！
2.北线 Lima-Tarapoto-Abra Patrcia-Iquitos 生境包括：海洋，沙漠，高原，云雾林，亚马逊白沙雨林，预计记录鸟种：400-500种，种类虽然不及中南线，但秘鲁主要的特有种都集中在北线。

bird

上面的评论主要是对比潘塔那和秘鲁的马努。而马努以及秘鲁和厄瓜多尔等安第斯山脚下的地方是整个亚马孙物种最丰富的地方。相比之下，巴西境内的亚马孙面积虽然更大，也有一些对旅游者来说更方便的地方，但是却并非亚马孙中物种最丰富的地方。而对于巴西来说，除了亚马孙之外，还有一片大西洋热带雨林，而这片热带雨林虽然面积不大，但是物种同样很丰富，在某些方面甚至超过亚马孙雨林。

bird

南美洲观鸟有两大热点，分别是亚马孙热带和潘塔那。这两个都是世界上物种最丰富的生境，前者是地球上最大的热带雨林，是地球之肺；后者是地球上最大的热带湿地，是地球之肾。

网上有关亚马孙和潘塔那的对比，看来绝大多数人都更推荐潘塔那。
“I visited both. My answer is simpe;

100% Pantanal!!!

Pantanal = abundant wildlife in an environment that is not that difficult for us, humans.

Amazon = mostly hidden wildlife (above your head), in a very humid environment that may get to you (and/or your camera gear)”


“I also vote for Pantanal. Pantanal plus Iguazu is even better. The Pantanal is absolutely the best place for easily accessible wildlife and birds and on top of that, comfortable lodges, great food, and just overall the best trip I've taken. Just be prepared for heat---albeit dry heat. ”

“Both can be incredible experiences. We've been to the Pantanal and have also done two trips to Amazonia (Manu in Peru and Cuyabeno in Ecuador).

The Amazon rainforest is amazing with its sounds, its birds and of course the amazing plant life. We visited a parrot and macaw clay lick and it was a great experience.

For wildlife, though, the Pantanal is without compare. Manu has probably the best wildlife in the Amazon Basin (at least what you can reach without mounting a major expedition). We were very happy with the wildlife we saw--giant otters, 9 monkey species, 8 caimans, one glimpse of a brocket deer, one glimpse of a peccary, many bird species.

But to contrast to the Pantanal--we saw 5 jaguars (!), 2 tapirs, a giant anteater, giant otters. We saw peccaries from a few feet away. We saw many deer. We saw THOUSANDS of caimans. A caiman in the Amazon was a major sighting; in the Pantanal, we were rarely out of sight of them. We saw hundreds of capybaras, 3 monkey species, agouti, armadillo, crab-eating fox and huge numbers of birds. There are also a lot of birds in Manu, but you can see them so much better in the Pantanal.

In less pristine parts of the Amazon, you will see much less than in Manu.

I have enjoyed all my trips, but I'm glad I went to Amazonia prior to visiting the Pantanal. It is just out of this world. ”

“I've been to the Amazon eight times and the Pantanal twice. I would recommend the Pantanal for seeing monkeys, other mammals and wildlife in general. ”

“I went to the amazon (Peru) and Pantanal and for seeing widllife the Pantanal was much better.

The Amazon was amazing, but in the Pantanal the wildlife is just everywhere. We saw giant otter, caiman, capybaras, monkeys, awesome birds, giant anteater....loads! If you are interested in mammals particularly I'd go with the pantanal, definetely one of the highlights of my RTW trip. ”

bird

现在出境观鸟的人越来越多，足迹也几乎遍及了世界各地。
有出境观鸟经验或者查阅过出境观鸟攻略的大虾们，不妨讨论一下各地观鸟的有关信息，方便有意出境观鸟的人查阅。

从南美洲开始讨论起吧。南美洲是世界上鸟种最丰富的地区。这里几乎汇集了世界上1/3的鸟种，而且有大量的特有种。世界上所有鸟种超过中国的国家，除了印尼之外，全部都是南美洲国家。对于追求鸟种的推鸟人们，南美洲是不可遗漏的地方。

毛虫

列入计划，我只能稍稍讨论一下肯尼亚了，等讨论到东非再发言

bird

我觉得一个地方肯定是要在很长时间内不断补充的，特别是对于那些本来还没太多人去过的地方，肯定是将来有更多人亲身经历过之后，介绍和讨论的东西更多了。所以不太会是一个地方讨论结束之后再讨论另一个地方。

smallhead

我也觉得南美的雨林拍鸟不容易.光听见,看不见.都在很高的树上. 湿地相对容易些.

东边的山谷

正在做暑期去马努的计划，这个贴子很及时，谢谢bird
根据资料马努国家公园世界上鸟类记录最多的自然保护区（超过1000种），但观鸟的行程一般是涵盖利马周边(海鸟和鲸鱼），cusco（马丘比丘附近高山鸟种）；然后走Manu road（从3500米到500米）到马努国家公园保护站，一般这个行程20天下来能收获500+种，还有就是江豚，jaguars，食人鱼...

东边的山谷

关于潘塔那，是个非常牛的地方，下面是一行人2010年10月份在潘塔纳及周边地区3周的情况，记录鸟种537，哺乳动物26种
On this fabulous tour through central Brazil we visited the teeming grasslands of the Serra da Canastra,
the rocky  heights of the Serra do Cipó, the rich wetlands  and varied habitats  of the Pantanal, the
splendid cerrado and gallery woodland of the Chapada dos Guimarães and the steamy rainforests of
the Rio Cristalino Jungle Reserve. Three fabulous Jaguars constituted the mammal highlight, while the
scarce and mysterious Brazilian Merganser was the bird climax of this marvellous tour. Add to that a
score of Giant Anteaters, Giant and Neotropical River Otters, an incomparable Maned Wolf together
with jewels like  Razor-billed Curassow, Grey-bellied Hawk, Dark-winged Trumpeters  and some
incredibly spectacular Hyacinth Macaws and you realize why this is one of my favourite tours. We
recorded 537 species of birds including goodies like Chestnut-bellied Guan, Bare-faced  Curassow,
Agami Heron,  White-browed Hawk, Ash-throated Crake,  Sungrebe,  spectacular Scarlet, Red-andgreen, Blue-winged and Yellow-collared Macaws, Golden-capped and Crimson-bellied Parakeets,
Kawall’s and Red-fan Parrots, Hyacinth Visorbearer, Blue-cheeked and Great Jacamars, Brown-banded
and Spotted Puffbirds, Black-girdled Barbet, Ringed Woodpecker, Campo Miner, Point-tailed
Palmcreeper, Glossy and Saturnine Antshrikes, Sclater’s Antwren, Collared Crescentchest, Greybacked Tachuri, Sharp-tailed, Streamer-tailed and Cock-tailed Tyrants, Pompadour Cotinga, Whitenaped Xenopsaris, Tooth-billed Wren, Red-billed Pied Tanager, Blue Finch and Rose-breasted Chat. In
addition, we located 26 mammal species, thousands of Spectacled Caimans and an impressive Yellow
Anaconda.

小明

插个楼，各位大神多多讨论。bird 可以先把澳洲的情况总结下嘛...

北京的小鱼

不发言，云南我都没去过呢

smallhead

小明 发表于 2012-2-21 21:47
插个楼，各位大神多多讨论。bird 可以先把澳洲的情况总结下嘛...

同意。我去过Perth两次，Cairnes两次。都是拍些公园鸟。澳大利亚好地方应该很多。欢迎bird介绍情况。

其人弓

美国的西南部也是多鸟的地区。位于新墨西哥州的Bosque del Apache  National Wildliffe Refuge（被简称“鸟湖”），冬季鸟类尤多。雁、鹤、野鸭等候鸟何止成千上万。

东边的山谷

潘塔那确实是个好地方，而且视线开阔，易于观察及拍摄野生动物；这里有些数据供参考

植物：1700种
蝴蝶：1100种
鸟类：650种
爬行：50种
哺乳：80种
两栖：41种
鱼类：300种

bird

smallhead 发表于 2012-2-21 22:01
同意。我去过Perth两次，Cairnes两次。都是拍些公园鸟。澳大利亚好地方应该很多。欢迎bird介绍情况。

澳洲的一个特点就是城市公园可能有很丰富的鸟种。作为一个面积辽阔的国家，澳洲的鸟种算不上很丰富。但是澳洲的一些城市公园却有可能轻易见到比多数城市公园更多的鸟种。这可能和澳洲的城市格局有关系。
相比之下，澳洲一些比较有名的观鸟地点，和那些不太有名的之间的差异，就不像很多国家那样大了。换句话说，就是虽然各地的鸟况有差异，但是很少有地方鸟况超好，也很少有地方鸟况超差。